The third wave of data from the CROss-National Online Survey (CRONOS-3) is now available through the ESS Data Portal.

Between 15 January and 14 February 2025, respondents in 11 countries – Austria, Belgium, Czechia, Finland, France, Hungary, Iceland, Poland, Portugal, Slovenia, and the United Kingdom – took part in the survey either online or by completing a paper questionnaire.

Like the first two waves (fielded in autumn and winter 2024), Wave 3 focused on the five priority areas of the Infra4NextGen project:

• Digital – online communication, social media use, internet scams, and digital experiences.

• Equal – discrimination, equal opportunities, and the rights of LGBTI+ people.

• Green – transport habits, energy-efficient practices, and personal action on climate change.

• Healthy – online healthcare access, medication use, cancer risk behaviours, self-rated physical and mental health, and employment.

• Strong – skills, training, youth opportunities, employment issues, and parental leave.

In each wave, participants answer around 90 questions (18 per theme). With three waves now completed, researchers have access to nearly 270 questions covering a broad range of social, digital, and environmental issues.

The ESS Data Portal has been updated so that users can explore CRONOS-3 data by theme and survey wave. The Variable Viewer tool makes it easy to examine weighted data for each survey item, while the Analysis tab allows comparisons between groups – for example, people aged under 35 and those aged 35 or above.

Professor Rory Fitzgerald, Director of the European Social Survey and Coordinator of Infra4NextGen, commented:

“This further release demonstrates how the CRONOS web panel can be deployed to address the most pressing policy concerns. We look forward to researchers and policy analysts exploring our data to examine how the next generation of Europeans are faring in these five key areas.”

Two more waves of CRONOS-3 are still to come. 

Access the latest CRONOS-3 data via the ESS Data Portal.